A map showing U.S. territorial growth up to 1850

California - as part of the Compromise of 1850, California was admitted to the Union as a free state. New Mexico and Utah - as part of the Compromise of 1850, the territories of New Mexico and Utah were organized without mention of slavery. Texas - after declaring its independence from Mexico in the 1830s, Texas was annexed by the United States in 1845.

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Public Domain

Map scan from University of Texas Libraries

Stoll, H. George. Territorial Growth 1850 [map]. 1967, revised 1970 by U.S. Geologic Survey. "Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection: Historical Maps of the United States. University of Texas Libraries, University of Texas at Austin." https://maps.lib.utexas.edu/maps/histus.html. Accessed February 10, 2026.